Companies Act, 2013
MCA e-book • Corporate governance, incorporation, directors, shares, accounts, winding-up and corporate remedies.
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Indian business law & tax reference library
Find the governing law before starting a filing. This bilingual reference hub connects business owners, advocates, directors, entrepreneurs and tax professionals in Bihar to official government Acts, Rules, regulations and notification portals. Use the search and category filters to reach primary sources. A directory is a starting point—not a substitute for verifying the text and version applicable to your transaction.
Reference links reviewed: 3 October 2026. Please check the issuing authority for later changes.
An Act sets out the statutory framework; Rules and regulations supply procedural detail under powers conferred by law. A notification may bring a provision into force, grant an exemption, prescribe a rate or amend a compliance position. Circulars, instructions and FAQs can assist interpretation and administration, but their status and legal effect must be assessed in context. A government website’s current consolidated text can also differ from the version that governed an older assessment year or transaction.
For example, a company changing directors may need to check a Companies Act section, the corresponding Companies Rules, an MCA form instruction kit and any notification relevant to its company class. A GST appeal may require the CGST or state Act, relevant Rules, notifications governing the disputed period and the actual order under challenge. Looking at only one source increases the risk of applying the wrong date or procedure.
| Source | What it answers | What to verify |
|---|---|---|
| Act | Substantive power, obligations, rights and remedies. | Jurisdiction, applicable version and commencement. |
| Rules / regulations | Procedure, records, prescribed forms and delegated requirements. | Parent provision, category-specific exceptions and amendments. |
| Notification / order | Operative dates, exemptions and delegated decisions. | Issue date, effective date and later supersession. |
| Circular / guidance | Administrative interpretation or operational instructions. | Issuing authority, scope and consistency with governing law. |
Search by Act name, regulator or subject. This filter operates on the reference cards shown below; it does not search every section of the external government sites. All resources remain accessible without JavaScript.
Official resource links.
MCA e-book • Corporate governance, incorporation, directors, shares, accounts, winding-up and corporate remedies.
MCA Acts & Rules • Check the relevant Companies Rules, forms, amendment notifications and circulars.
MCA e-book • Formation, partners, designated partners, conversions and winding up.
MCA Acts & Rules • Read the current rules and instruction kits for FiLLiP, Forms 3, 8, 11 and relevant event filings.
India Code • Rights and duties of partners, registration, incoming/outgoing partners and dissolution.
Bihar Registration Department • State-level firm registration and procedural enquiries.
CBIC • Central levy, registration, supply, ITC, returns, demand, appeals and enforcement.
CBIC • Integrated GST, UTGST and compensation law; distinguish these from Bihar SGST provisions.
CBIC • Detailed rules, form requirements and procedural changes.
GST Council • Recommendations and meeting materials; examine legal notifications before treating a recommendation as operative law.
Income Tax Department • Current Act and official transition resources.
Income Tax Department • Current rules, forms and transition guidance.
Income Tax Department • Earlier-year and transitional cases; check relevant savings and commencement provisions.
CBDT/Income Tax Department • Official updates, returns and instructions.
India Code • Insolvency resolution and liquidation, subject to amendments and commenced provisions.
IBBI • Check subject-wise updated regulations and official legal framework.
NCLT official portal • Verify current procedural rules, bench notices and filing information.
NCLAT official portal • Appellate materials and current procedural notices.
FSSAI • Food-business licensing, standards and subordinate regulations.
DGFT • Import-export policy and trade-control framework; consult current FTP and notifications.
India Code • Consumer rights and remedies; check relevant rules and commission procedures.
IP India • Trademark filing, examination, opposition and maintenance.
The following topic guides explain how to use the official sources without conflating separate legal regimes. They are orientation material rather than reproductions of statutory text.
Private companies, public companies, OPCs, Section 8 companies and certain prescribed classes can face different requirements. Start with the statutory provision and then check the applicable Rules, exemptions and latest MCA form instructions. For incorporation, the SPICe+ workflow and related forms matter; for director changes, prescribed company returns and board composition matter. For registered-office shifts, the location and jurisdiction determine approvals and filings. A procedural form cannot replace the underlying approval or document. A useful research note records the company category, relevant event date, chosen section, rule number, form and evidence supporting the event.
An LLP is governed by the LLP Act, its Rules and the LLP agreement, not simply by importing the Companies Act. Incorporation, partner admission, agreement changes, annual return and statement of account use LLP-specific forms and conditions. Converting a traditional firm or eligible company into an LLP also calls for the applicable statutory schedule, eligibility review, creditor and asset analysis, and event-specific reporting. When researching LLP compliance, establish the LLP’s incorporation date, financial year, designated-partner status, turnover, contribution and pending filings before choosing a form.
The Indian Partnership Act deals with the relationship among partners and outsiders, admission and retirement, dissolution and firm registration. A well-drafted partnership deed helps establish the agreed position, but deed execution is not the same event as registration. For a Bihar business, consult the applicable state registration office and current eNibandhan workflow. Before any change, compare the deed, registration particulars, bank mandate, tax records and public representations. When researching an unregistered firm, pay particular attention to the effect of non-registration and the exceptions to the relevant statutory restrictions.
CGST, IGST, the relevant SGST law, applicable Rules and notifications can govern different parts of one transaction. For registration or cancellation, identify the taxpayer category and effective date. For an input-tax-credit dispute, determine the financial year, invoice facts, return data, applicable section and contemporaneous procedural provisions. For an appeal, review the order, the forum, deposit requirements and current filing mechanism. GST Council meeting recommendations help identify policy developments, but the effective legal change should be traced through an enacted amendment or operative notification.
The Income Tax Department maintains the Income-tax Act, 2025 and Income-tax Rules, 2026, together with resources on the 1961 Act and 1962 Rules. Do not replace an earlier period’s governing law merely because a new Act is now available. A research file should record the tax year, the operative provision and any transition, repeal, savings, circular or amendment affecting the particular issue. For partnership remuneration, company tax computation, TDS, reassessment, returns or appeals, verify the specific provision and the prescribed form for the relevant period.
NCLT company-law petitions and insolvency proceedings may involve different eligibility conditions, limitation questions, forms, thresholds and evidence. Company restoration, oppression and mismanagement, mergers, insolvency resolution and liquidation are not interchangeable routes. Consult the Companies Act or the IBC as appropriate, then the applicable Rules, bench notices and updated IBBI regulations. For an appeal, verify the proper forum and controlling limitation provisions. The procedural history and exact order date frequently matter as much as the broad title of the legislation.
A newly registered business may encounter sector-specific legislation beyond its entity law. A makhana processor may need to check food standards and licensing, product and labelling requirements, export-policy and customs obligations, and any relevant trademark position. These questions depend on the actual product, activity, turnover, destination market and regulatory category. A company certificate or GST registration cannot stand in for every other statutory permission. Start with the competent regulator’s official Act, Rules and current notification directory, then identify which requirements actually attach to the proposed activity.
Fictional educational example. Three Bihar entrepreneurs plan to process and package makhana, register a private limited company and later explore overseas buyers. For company formation, they start with the Companies Act, 2013, the relevant incorporation Rules and current MCA forms. If they instead form an LLP, they review the LLP Act, LLP Rules and agreement requirements. Their choice affects governance, ownership, annual filings and the legal documents to be prepared.
After incorporation, their tax adviser checks whether GST registration and the applicable return regime are required under the actual business model. A food-law specialist reviews the relevant FSSAI framework for processing, packaging and sale. If they intend to export, they check DGFT’s current policy, IEC requirements where applicable, banking, customs classification, destination-country standards, contract terms and product-specific obligations. They may also consider trademark protection for the brand.
This scenario demonstrates why an Acts & Rules directory is more useful when organised by the business decision. A single enterprise may be governed by several laws at once, but not every registration is automatically compulsory for every business. No foreign buyer, shipment, profit, licence or result is claimed in this example.
किसी भी कंपनी, LLP, Partnership Firm या दूसरे व्यवसाय का काम शुरू करने से पहले यह पहचानना जरूरी है कि उसके लिए कौन-सा कानून लागू होता है। केवल Form या Registration की जानकारी पर्याप्त नहीं होती। संबंधित Act, उसके Rules, लागू Notification और विभाग की वर्तमान प्रक्रिया को साथ देखकर ही सही निर्णय लिया जा सकता है।
Act यानी अधिनियम वह मुख्य कानून है जिसे सक्षम विधायिका बनाती है। Rules उस अधिनियम द्वारा दिए गए अधिकार के अंतर्गत निर्धारित किए जाते हैं। Notification के माध्यम से किसी प्रावधान को लागू करने की तारीख, छूट या दूसरी वैधानिक व्यवस्था घोषित की जा सकती है। Circular सामान्यतः विभागीय स्पष्टीकरण या प्रशासनिक निर्देश देता है। हर दस्तावेज की कानूनी स्थिति एक जैसी नहीं होती।
Private Limited Company, OPC और दूसरी कंपनियों के लिए Companies Act, 2013 और प्रासंगिक Companies Rules देखें। Director appointment, resignation, annual filing, share transfer, registered-office change और company closure की प्रक्रिया अलग-अलग हो सकती है। LLP के लिए LLP Act, 2008 और LLP Rules देखें। कंपनी का Form LLP पर और LLP का Form कंपनी पर स्वतः लागू नहीं किया जा सकता।
साधारण partnership firm के लिए Indian Partnership Act, 1932 मुख्य कानून है। Partner के अधिकार, कर्तव्य, firm registration, retirement और dissolution जैसे मुद्दे इससे जुड़े हैं। बिहार में firm registration के लिए संबंधित राज्य कार्यालय और eNibandhan की वर्तमान प्रक्रिया भी जांचें। Partnership Deed बनाना और firm को Registrar के यहाँ दर्ज कराना दो अलग काम हैं।
GST के मामलों में CGST Act, IGST Act तथा जहाँ आवश्यक हो वहाँ संबंधित राज्य का SGST कानून देखें। साथ में लागू Rules, Notifications और Circulars भी देखें। GST Council की recommendation महत्वपूर्ण हो सकती है, लेकिन कानूनी बदलाव की effective date जानने के लिए operative notification या amendment पढ़ना जरूरी है। पुराने financial year के dispute में उस समय लागू प्रावधानों को विशेष महत्व दें।
Income Tax Department अब Income-tax Act, 2025 और Income-tax Rules, 2026 के साथ पुराना Income-tax Act, 1961 तथा Rules, 1962 और transition guidance भी उपलब्ध कराता है। किसी पुराने वर्ष की return, assessment या appeal में केवल नए कानून को पढ़कर निष्कर्ष नहीं निकालना चाहिए। Tax year, saving provisions और संबंधित notification की अलग जांच करें।
Company restoration, oppression and mismanagement, merger तथा insolvency के लिए हमेशा एक ही कानून या प्रक्रिया लागू नहीं होती। कुछ मामलों में Companies Act और संबंधित NCLT Rules महत्वपूर्ण होंगे, जबकि insolvency में IBC तथा IBBI regulations देखने होंगे। किस bench या appellate forum में मामला जाएगा, यह प्रकरण की प्रकृति और लागू कानून पर निर्भर करेगा।
मान लीजिए एक काल्पनिक उद्यमी मखाना processing के लिए कंपनी बनाता है। Company registration के लिए MCA के कानून, GST के लिए कर कानून, खाद्य कारोबार के लिए FSSAI के प्रावधान और export की तैयारी के लिए DGFT तथा destination-country की शर्तें जांचनी होंगी। केवल company registration से हर प्रकार के कारोबार या export की स्वतः अनुमति नहीं मिल जाती।
सबसे पहले घटना की तारीख, company या taxpayer का प्रकार और विवाद का विषय लिखें। उसके बाद सरकारी वेबसाइट पर उस अवधि का Act और Rule खोजें। Amendment, notification तथा लागू होने की तारीख मिलाएँ। अगर मामला न्यायालय या Tribunal में लंबित है, तो संबंधित order, limitation और प्रासंगिक न्यायिक निर्णय भी देखें।
यह directory आपको सरकारी स्रोत तक पहुँचाती है; वेबसाइट पर दिया हुआ छोटा परिचय पूरे कानून का विकल्प नहीं है। किसी PDF पर पुरानी amendment date हो सकती है। Form का नया portal version भी आ सकता है। इसलिए actual filing करने से पहले संबंधित विभाग की वेबसाइट पर वर्तमान स्थिति जांचना जरूरी है।
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Advocate Tabish Ahmad, Founder of Bihar Tax Consultant, introduces a free Tax Consultant Course for lawyers who have recently passed LL.B. Contact the office to confirm the course scope, format, schedule and enrolment arrangements. No accreditation, certification or employment outcome is promised here.
Bihar Tax Consultant के Founder, Advocate Tabish Ahmad, हाल ही में LL.B. पास करने वाले वकीलों के लिए निःशुल्क Tax Consultant Course की जानकारी देते हैं। Course की विषय-वस्तु, format, schedule और enrolment की वर्तमान व्यवस्था जानने के लिए कार्यालय से संपर्क करें।
An Act is legislation enacted by a competent legislature. Rules are subordinate legislation framed under statutory authority and must be read with the parent Act and valid amendments.
MCA provides an official e-book facility for Acts and related material. For a disputed or date-sensitive point, check the relevant Gazette notification and commencement provision as well.
Use the Ministry of Corporate Affairs e-book or India Code and check current amendment and notification material before relying on a particular section.
The MCA Acts & Rules and e-book sections provide access to LLP legislation, associated rules, forms and relevant updates.
Use India Code for the Act and check the applicable state registration rules and Bihar Registration Department procedure separately.
CBIC maintains an official GST Acts directory. Check separate notifications, rules and effective dates for the issue under review.
Not necessarily. Read the enacted amendment or relevant notification and its effective date before treating the recommendation as operative law.
The Income Tax Department publishes the Income-tax Act, 2025 and Income-tax Rules, 2026, alongside the earlier framework and transition guidance. The relevant tax year and savings provisions matter.
A current consolidation is useful for present research, but a past transaction may require the version legally applicable on its own date.
MCA’s e-book FAQ describes PDF download and printing functionality for the selected Act and provisions.
Use IBBI’s official legal-framework directory, including the updated-regulations and circulars sections. Check the amendment date and the relevant procedure.
No. This directory points to primary resources and provides general guidance. Individual filings, notices and disputes require review of the relevant facts and operative law.
Act विधायिका द्वारा बनाया गया कानून होता है। Rule उस Act के अंतर्गत निर्धारित प्राधिकारी द्वारा बनाया जाता है; दोनों को साथ पढ़ना चाहिए।
MCA के official e-book और संबंधित amendment notifications देखें। किसी पुराने मामले में उस समय लागू प्रावधान भी जांचें।
MCA की Acts & Rules तथा e-book सुविधा में LLP कानून, नियम और संबंधित forms का आधिकारिक संदर्भ मिलता है।
Indian Partnership Act, 1932 के लिए India Code देखें और बिहार में firm registration के लिए राज्य की प्रक्रिया अलग से जांचें।
CBIC के GST Acts पेज पर प्रमुख केंद्रीय GST कानून उपलब्ध हैं। Rules और notifications भी जांचना जरूरी है।
हर बार नहीं। लागू amendment या notification और उसकी effective date देखनी चाहिए।
Income Tax Department के Income-tax Act, 2025, Rules, 2026 और 1961 कानून से संबंधित transition guidance देखें।
उस वर्ष और संबंधित घटना पर लागू provisions, amendments और savings को जांचें; केवल वर्तमान पाठ पर निर्भर न रहें।
MCA की e-book FAQ में Act और चयनित प्रावधानों के लिए PDF download और print सुविधा बताई गई है।
IBBI की official legal-framework directory में updated regulations, amendments और circulars देखें।
हाँ, जहाँ राज्य के rules, registration procedure या SGST कानून लागू होते हैं, वहाँ बिहार के आधिकारिक स्रोत भी जांचें।
नहीं। यह अध्ययन और प्राथमिक स्रोत तक पहुँचने के लिए है; आपके मामले के तथ्य और लागू कानून की अलग जांच जरूरी है।
For an issue involving incorporation, annual filing, a partner dispute, GST notice, tax return or NCLT proceeding, identify the governing law from this directory and then review the relevant service information. Company registration, LLP services, GST litigation, Income-tax matters and business compliance are enquiry categories; individual destination URLs must be confirmed before publication.
The official external links above lead to the publishers’ own pages. This directory does not claim to reproduce, consolidate or continuously update the complete statutory text. For a filing or dispute, verify the operative law and obtain fact-specific advice where appropriate.